New Treatments for Relapsing Remitting Multiple Sclerosis: A Look into the Future

Exploring the Cutting-Edge of MS Research What Sparks My Enthusiasm

MS Research Exciting Discoveries

By Bruce Bebo, PhD, as told to Hallie Levine

As part of the leadership team for the National Multiple Sclerosis Society, I’ve dedicated myself to advocating for those affected by this debilitating disease. My enthusiasm for this cause stems from personal experience—my mother was diagnosed with MS when I was a child, and I witnessed firsthand the lack of effective treatments available at that time. Determined to make a change, I vowed to do everything in my power to improve the outlook for those affected by this condition.

Today, thanks to groundbreaking research and advancements in medicine, our understanding of multiple sclerosis has expanded. We now have over 25 disease-modifying treatments that have drastically improved the lives of individuals diagnosed with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis. These treatments have effectively delayed the onset of symptoms and minimized their impact, allowing people to lead fulfilling, happy, and productive lives.

Exciting Discoveries from the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis Conference

Recently, I had the opportunity to attend the European Committee for Treatment and Research in Multiple Sclerosis conference—the largest MS research conference in the world, with over 8,700 participants from more than 100 countries. The knowledge and breakthroughs shared at the conference have left me even more optimistic about the future of MS treatment. Here’s a roundup of what I learned:

🟥 Stopping MS in Its Tracks

Imagine being able to halt MS before it even starts. That may not be such a far-fetched idea anymore. Researchers conducted a study involving 87 individuals with radiologically isolated syndrome (RIS)—a condition where MS-like brain lesions are present on MRI scans without any accompanying symptoms. Half of the participants received a placebo, while the other half were given dimethyl fumarate (Tecfidera), a prescription medication used for treating relapsing forms of multiple sclerosis. Astonishingly, those who received the drug had an incredible 80% lower risk of developing MS compared to the placebo group. Talk about putting the brakes on disease progression!

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🟦 Uncovering Biomarkers

The search for biomarkers, those elusive clues that help diagnose diseases like rheumatoid arthritis and type 1 diabetes, is well underway in the realm of multiple sclerosis. Currently, MS is primarily diagnosed once symptoms become evident, which can be quite late in the disease progression. However, researchers are working tirelessly to develop various biomarkers that can aid in the early detection of MS—such as blood tests, spinal fluid analysis, and advanced imaging techniques like MRIs and PET scans. Two promising biomarkers discussed at the conference are neurofilament light chains (NFL) and serum glial fibrillary acidic protein (s-GFAP). Elevated levels of NFL seem to be associated with an increased risk of developing MS, while s-GFAP, which controls astroglial cells in the brain and spinal cord, holds potential for both diagnosis and personalized treatment plans. Perhaps soon, we’ll have a panel of tests that can guide treatment decisions for those living with MS—it’s like having your very own map to navigate this complicated terrain.

🟩 Progressive Drugs on the Horizon

The focus on microglia, those tiny immune cells in the brain, has sparked enthusiasm among researchers and pharmaceutical companies alike. Certain microglial cells can worsen MS symptoms, while others possess the potential to reverse the disease’s progression. The search for drugs that can eliminate harmful microglial cells and enhance the beneficial ones is a top priority. Enter Bruton tyrosine kinase (BTK) inhibitors—an exciting class of drugs being studied for their ability to inhibit the enzyme BTK, subsequently taming microglia aggression. Additionally, the hope is that these inhibitors will reduce the activation of immune B cells, which are also implicated in MS progression. Presently, there are four clinical trials underway investigating the efficacy of BTK inhibitors for both relapsing remitting and progressive MS. It’s like having an army of warriors fighting against the disease, armed with the latest weaponry!

🔴 Dispelling the Myth of Vitamin D

For years, vitamin D has been heralded as a potential treatment and preventive measure for MS. However, two large trials presented at the conference have put this notion to rest. In a study involving 140 individuals with relapsing remitting MS, no reduction in disease activity was observed among those who took a high daily dose of vitamin D (5,000 IU) for 96 weeks. Furthermore, individuals with clinically isolated syndrome—neurological symptoms without definite MS—who received high levels of vitamin D for 48 weeks showed no difference in their likelihood of developing MS compared to those who took a placebo. While the role of vitamin D in preventing the development of MS before the onset of symptoms remains uncertain, one thing is clear: it doesn’t offer significant benefits to those already living with MS. It’s time to turn the page and explore new avenues.

🟨 The Diet Connection

Could intermittent fasting hold the key to alleviating MS symptoms? A study funded by the National Multiple Sclerosis Society suggests it just might. This eating pattern, which involves intermittent periods of fasting, has shown promise as a potential non-drug therapy for various diseases, including MS. The study revealed that intermittent fasting led to reduced inflammation and beneficial changes in the brain among participants. While caution is warranted due to the study’s small size, this is yet another piece of evidence highlighting the impact of diet on the experience of individuals with relapsing remitting MS. As we unravel the pathways affected by intermittent fasting, we may uncover more non-pharmaceutical approaches to manage this condition. It’s like having a buffet of options to cater to different tastes!

The Future Shines Bright

The immense progress achieved in the field of multiple sclerosis has translated into a plethora of new treatments. The future for those with relapsing remitting MS is brighter than ever. Staying informed about research advances, including potential new therapies, is crucial for individuals living with MS and their loved ones. Knowledge is power, and together, we can navigate this next chapter in MS treatment.

What are your thoughts on the latest developments in MS treatment? Have you or someone you know found relief in any of these new approaches? Share your experiences and join the conversation!