Depression in Military Personnel and Families
Depression in Military Personnel and Families
Understanding and Overcoming Depression in the Military
Depression is a serious mental health condition that affects many people, but it is particularly prevalent in the military and their families. It is important to know that support is available to reduce symptoms and improve overall well-being. Seeking help can greatly improve the quality of life for military service members, veterans, and their loved ones.
The Prevalence of Depression in the Military
Research shows that people in the military are more likely to experience depression compared to the general population. Some statistics reveal the extent of this issue:
- 23% of active-duty military personnel live with depression.
- Among active-duty military who use drugs, 18% have had suicidal thoughts or attempts, while for those who consume alcohol, the number is 9%.
- 11% of active-duty military have attempted suicide or have suicidal thoughts.
- Even after leaving military service, the risk of depression remains high, as 20% of veterans experience depression and 11% have suicidal thoughts or attempts.
One possible reason for the elevated risk of depression and suicidal thoughts in veterans is the increased level of trauma, especially for those who saw active combat. Other factors contributing to a higher likelihood of depression in the military include the intense stress of combat, frequent relocations, difficulties with rank and promotion, and legal concerns related to the uniformed code of justice, among others.
Moreover, it is important to acknowledge the misconception and stigma surrounding mental health within the military. Many individuals fear being judged, demoted, or perceived as weak if they seek help for their mental health issues.
Suicide Prevention for Military Members and Families
If you know someone in the military who is at immediate risk of suicide, self-harm, or harming others, it is crucial to take the following steps:
- Ask them directly: “Are you considering suicide?”
- Listen without judgment and provide a safe space for them to open up.
- Contact emergency services by calling 911 or the local emergency number, or text “TALK” to 741741 to connect with a trained crisis counselor.
- Stay with the person until professional help arrives.
- Try to remove any potential means of harm such as weapons or medications while ensuring your own safety.
Additionally, there is a dedicated suicide and crisis lifeline available for military members and their families. By dialing 988, help is accessible 24/7.
Symptoms of Depression in Soldiers and Family Members
Symptoms can vary, but military and Veterans Affairs doctors base their diagnosis on the presence of at least five out of the following signs, which must persist for at least two weeks within a one-month period:
- Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day
- Significant weight loss or gain when not dieting
- Fatigue or loss of energy every day
- Markedly diminished interest or pleasure in activities
- Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day
- Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day
- Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt
- Diminished ability to think, concentrate, or make decisions
- Suicidal thoughts or behaviors
For active duty service members, signs of depression may include a lack of interest in taking leave, engaging in needless risks, inability to concentrate, fatigue, changes in weight, and general mood disturbances. Veterans may show signs such as drug use, difficulty obtaining or maintaining employment, sullen mood, and loss of interest in pleasurable activities. Family members of military personnel may also experience depression and display symptoms such as decreased interest in activities, fatigue, changes in weight, and insomnia.
Excessive drinking or drug use is a separate mental health concern that often accompanies depression, signaling additional difficulties in dealing with mental health issues.
Mental Health Stigmas and Risk Factors
Stigma surrounding mental health within the military and military families is a well-known barrier to seeking help. Service members may worry about the perceptions of their peers and the potential impact on their career progression. Likewise, spouses and family members may strive to “be strong” and avoid jeopardizing their loved one’s chances of advancement.
A 2018 study found that the risk of depression in military spouses is significantly increased if the service member has post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Other risk factors for depression among military families include lower educational attainment, unemployment, having four or more children, and prior military service.
Coping Strategies for Military Depression
Both military service members and their families can take steps to cope with and manage depression. Here are some general tips:
- Don’t be afraid to seek help from professionals trained in mental health.
- Stay connected with trusted sources of social support.
- Prioritize getting enough sleep each night.
- Engage in regular exercise or physical activity to improve mood and overall health.
- Participate in activities that provide enjoyment, meaning, and purpose.
- Follow a healthy, balanced diet.
- If prescribed medication, take it as recommended.
- Avoid alcohol or recreational drug use.
Sometimes, overcoming stigma and seeking help is the best option. Receiving support from a psychologist is not a sign of weakness but rather a sign of strength. Therapy can offer valuable tools for coping with depression and address the unique challenges associated with military life.
Mental Health Resources for Military Members and Families
Support for military service members and their families is readily available. If you or a family member are facing depression, the following resources can offer assistance:
- VA Mental Health: This branch of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs helps veterans and their families connect with appropriate mental health services.
- Psychological Health Center of Excellence (PHCoE): PHCoE provides research consultations for military service members and their families, with various contact options available, including a 24/7 toll-free number (1-(866) 966-1020), live chat, and email.
- Military OneSource: This free resource from the Department of Defense offers support for military service members and their families, including a 24/7 toll-free number (1-(800) 342-9647).
Remember, seeking help is not a sign of weakness. You are not alone, and numerous resources are ready to support you on your journey towards better mental health.
If You’re Experiencing Suicidal Thoughts, Help is Available
If you or someone you know is experiencing suicidal thoughts, there are immediate resources available for assistance:
- 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline: Call the Lifeline at 988 (available in English or Spanish) 24 hours a day, 7 days a week.
- The Crisis Text Line: Text HOME to 741741 for support via text message.
- The Trevor Project: If you’re LGBTQIA+ and under 25 years old, call 866-488-7386, text “START” to 678678, or chat online 24/7.
- Veterans Crisis Line: Call 988 and press 1, text 838255, or chat online 24/7.
- Deaf Crisis Line: Call 321-800-3323, text “HAND” to 839863, or visit their website.
- Befrienders Worldwide: This international crisis helpline network can help you find a local helpline.
Remember, these resources are available to provide immediate support in times of crisis.
Recap
To recap, depression is particularly prevalent among military service members and their families. Numerous stressors and the stigma surrounding mental health contribute to higher rates of depression. Symptoms and diagnostic criteria for depression in the military are similar to those in the general population. However, reaching out for help is crucial and should never be a source of shame.
Various military-based and civilian resources exist to provide support to service members and their families. Remember, you are not alone, and seeking help is a sign of strength.
