Debunking Lung Cancer Myths: Separating Fact from Fiction

In this article, we tackle 13 prevalent myths and misunderstandings about lung cancer. Our coverage includes topics such as smoking, pollution, and the role of antioxidants.

13 Lung Cancer Myths

Medical myths logo with lung scan imagery

Did you know that lung cancer is the second most common cancer globally and a leading cause of death? With staggering numbers like that, it’s crucial that we understand the truth about this disease. To shed light on the myths surrounding lung cancer, we spoke with esteemed expert Dr. Fred R. Hirsch, executive director of the Center of Excellence for Thoracic Oncology, to separate fact from fiction.

Myth #1: Only smokers develop lung cancer 👨‍🚬

“That is not correct, and unfortunately, it’s a very hurtful myth and causes stigma,” explains Dr. Hirsch, debunking this misconception. Surprisingly, around 10–20% of people with lung cancer in the U.S. never smoked or have smoked fewer than 100 cigarettes in their lives, according to the CDC1. Nonsmokers can be exposed to lung cancer through secondhand smoke or radon exposure, causing thousands of deaths annually2.

Myth #2: There is no way to reduce the risk 🚫

Contrary to popular belief, there are several effective ways to reduce the risk of lung cancer. The most important step is smoking prevention and cessation. Quitting smoking significantly reduces the risk of lung cancer and other health conditions, such as heart disease and diabetes3. Additionally, limiting exposure to secondhand smoke and other smoking products, like e-cigarettes, is vital. Moreover, lung cancer screening through a low-dose CT scan can detect early-stage cancer in high-risk populations, increasing survival rates45.

Myth #3: Only older adults develop lung cancer 👴

No, lung cancer doesn’t only affect older adults. While the majority of cases do occur in individuals over 65, younger individuals, especially women, are increasingly being diagnosed with lung cancer6. This emphasizes the need for awareness and early detection in individuals of all ages.

Myth #4: Living in a polluted city is worse than smoking for lung cancer risk 🏭

Pollution is undoubtedly a risk factor for lung cancer, particularly traffic-related pollution. High exposure to pollutants like nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter increases the risk7. However, it’s challenging to directly compare pollution and smoking. Living in a polluted city poses risks, but combining pollution with tobacco use may exacerbate those risks8. To protect yourself, consider environmental initiatives that improve air quality and, of course, prioritize smoking cessation.

Myth #5: “I’ve smoked for years, there’s no point stopping now” 🚬

Giving up smoking is always worthwhile, no matter how long you’ve smoked or your age. Smoking cessation significantly reduces the risk of lung cancer and improves overall health and well-being. It’s never too late to quit and reap the numerous benefits, like breathing more easily, having more energy, and adding years to your life9.

Myth #6: Smoking cannabis does not increase lung cancer risk 🌿

While more long-term studies are needed, evidence suggests that smoking cannabis may pose a risk factor for lung cancer. However, the simultaneous use of tobacco alongside cannabis makes it difficult to isolate the exact effects of each substance10. Further research is required to clarify this association.

Myth #7: If you have lung cancer, you may as well continue to smoke 🤥

Contrary to this myth, quitting smoking has numerous advantages, even after a lung cancer diagnosis. People who quit smoking after a lung cancer diagnosis have better prognoses and improved chances of survival11. Quitting smoking offers profound benefits, enhances treatment outcomes, and improves overall health.

Myth #8: Lung cancer surgery makes the cancer spread 🏥

This myth is entirely false. Lung cancer surgery is a recommended treatment option for early-stage lung cancer. It can effectively cure the cancer, especially when coupled with adjuvant therapies like chemotherapy or immunotherapy. These treatments reduce the risk of cancer cells spreading and lead to better survival rates12.

Myth #9: Breathing in talcum powder increases lung cancer risk 🌬️

There is no scientific evidence to suggest that talcum powder increases lung cancer risk. While some studies indicated a slightly higher risk in people involved in talc mining, it remains unclear if the risk stems from the mineral itself or other factors, like exposure to the radioactive gas radon13.

Myth #10: If I had lung cancer, I would have symptoms 😷

Lung cancer can sometimes present without noticeable symptoms or with only mild respiratory symptoms. Catching lung cancer early is crucial for better treatment outcomes. This underscores the importance of lung cancer screening in high-risk individuals, which can detect cancer even before symptoms develop14.

Myth #11: Lung cancer is always terminal 💔

Thankfully, this is a prevalent misconception, as lung cancer has varying prognosis and outcomes. When detected early, lung cancer has a cure rate of over 60%. Furthermore, advancements in therapy, particularly targeted therapies for specific genetic mutations, have significantly improved long-term survival rates15.

Myth #12: Antioxidant supplements protect against lung cancer 💊

While antioxidants play a vital role in cell protection, clinical studies haven’t demonstrated conclusive evidence regarding their protective effects against lung cancer. Some studies suggest that dietary antioxidants like carotenoids and vitamin C may offer some protection, but more research is needed, especially in well-defined smoking populations16.

Myth #13: Smoking is the only risk factor for lung cancer 🚭

While smoking is a major risk factor for lung cancer, it is not the sole contributor. Other factors, such as a family history of lung cancer, exposure to air pollution, radon, asbestos, previous radiation to the chest, and chronic lung disease, also increase the risk17.

Q&A

Q: Can exposure to secondhand smoke increase the risk of lung cancer?

A: Yes, exposure to secondhand smoke is a known risk factor for lung cancer. According to the CDC, nonsmokers exposed to secondhand smoke at home or work increase their risk by 20-30%18.

Q: Are there any new and promising treatments for lung cancer?

A: Yes, advancements in cancer research have led to the development of targeted therapies and immunotherapies that have shown positive results in treating lung cancer. These personalized approaches offer hope for improved outcomes19.

Q: Is there a link between lung cancer and asbestos exposure?

A: Yes, exposure to asbestos is a well-established risk factor for lung cancer. Asbestos fibers, when inhaled, can cause lung tissue damage and increase the risk of cancer20.

For more information on lung cancer, its prevention, and treatment options, consider visiting these reliable sources:

  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention
  2. American Lung Association
  3. National Cancer Institute

Remember, knowledge is power, and by dispelling myths, we can build a world where more individuals are equipped with the information they need to prevent and fight lung cancer. Spread the word, share this article, and let’s raise awareness together!

Design by Diego Sabogal


Reference List:

  1. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Lung Cancer.↩︎

  2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Lung Cancer.↩︎

  3. National Cancer Institute. Lung Cancer Prevention (PDQ).↩︎

  4. National Cancer Institute. Lung Cancer Prevention (PDQ).↩︎

  5. National Cancer Institute. Low-Dose Helical CT Scans for Lung Cancer Screening (PDQ).↩︎

  6. American Cancer Society. Key Statistics for Lung Cancer.↩︎

  7. Yang, M., et al. (2018). Associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of lung cancer incidence and mortality: A Meta-analysis of cohort studies. Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex: 1987), 235, 659-666.↩︎

  8. Yang, M., et al. (2018). Associations between long-term exposure to ambient air pollution and risk of lung cancer incidence and mortality: A Meta-analysis of cohort studies. Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex: 1987), 235, 659-666.↩︎

  9. National Cancer Institute. Harms of Cigarette Smoking and Health Benefits of Quitting.↩︎

  10. National Institute on Drug Abuse. What are Marijuana’s Effects on Lung Health?↩︎

  11. National Cancer Institute. Benefits of Quitting Smoking.↩︎

  12. American Cancer Society. Lung Cancer Surgery.↩︎

  13. International Agency for Research on Cancer. Talc-based body powder.↩︎

  14. American Cancer Society. Tests for Lung Cancer.↩︎

  15. American Cancer Society. Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer.↩︎

  16. American Cancer Society. Antioxidants and Cancer Prevention.↩︎

  17. American Cancer Society. Known and Probable Human Carcinogens.↩︎

  18. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Secondhand Smoke (SHS) Facts.↩︎

  19. American Cancer Society. Targeted Therapy for Lung Cancer.↩︎

  20. American Cancer Society. Known and Probable Human Carcinogens.↩︎